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Must see in CCNA examination


The experience of successful people is undoubtedly very important to us, because they not only know the road to success, but also know which road is not feasible after experiencing failure. These experiences are of great reference value to the latecomers. Friends who have passed ccna are very willing to share their experience with you.



A netizen collected some experience and sorted it out, hoping to help friends who are preparing for the ccna exam.

What Types of Jobs Can You Get with a CCNA?

Winner 1:



The examination questions are not difficult. The main thing is to understand the knowledge points. After understanding, you will feel very relaxed.



The selection of materials is very important for the success of the examination. If you participate in training, it may not be a problem. If you are self-taught, it is very important. You need to get the official information of cisco press. You need to collect it widely. You need to understand that the scope of cisco examination is very wide.



In the process of learning, we should pay attention to methods, and more importantly, we need perseverance. If you have relevant work experience, it may be easier to learn, otherwise, you need to pay more labor.



Examination is the key to test your study. You need to adjust your form. In the exam to maintain self-confidence, until the last question, never give up. In the exam, you will definitely encounter things you are not familiar with, or even have no contact with. Don't be nervous. Because you don't want to get full marks, the important thing is to do well in every subject you knowif you make a mistake about what you know and what you don't know, the consequences will be predicted.



After fully mastering the basic knowledge of certification examination, the simulated test can only help to review each knowledge point in a random way.



Winner 2:



The teaching materials of cisco are the best and most authoritative. The textbook of the examination is subject to cisco. The book must be read carefully, not by chance. The concept should be clear, and "All changes are inseparable from their origin"! No matter how strange the problem is, it will not deviate from the principle. Read the original edition of cisco, if the network foundation is good, do not read the chinese version of the book.



Every option offered by cisco is easy to make people vague and uncertain. If the concept is not very clear, such as some details, it is easy to feel that everything is reasonable and difficult to choose. Therefore, when preparing, we must pay full attention to the key concepts and the details mentioned in the textbook. When choosing, we should have confidence in our own memory and not change our first choice at will. Another key point is ios operation. The commands will be listed for you to choose. It's easier to remember some of the habitual syntax and general parameter order of ios commands. The last point is that you can't step back in the exam, that is, you can't look back after a question is over, so you must understand the question and see the question clearly. The characteristic of the concept question is that the situation he described is not the key to the problem, the key is the essence of the question, and he won't tell it in clear language you have to rely on this concept, but you have to think about it from left to right. But to choose the right answer, you need to see the key concept it actually designs. The whole exam time is very abundant, 105 minutes 65 questions, generally 40-50 minutes can be completed, but still that sentence, careful in careful.





Three winners:



Think about it later, the whole review process, mainly three things.



1. Sybex ccna 2.0640-507 study guide is absolutely a good thing, which needs to be read carefully, especially to understand the basic concepts. Hands on labs at the end of each chapter must be operated by hand and familiar with its results.



2. Ccna requires a deeper understanding of cisco's private operating system ios. A router simulator is very necessary. There are many good router simulators. For example, ccna virtual laboratory published by sybex authorized electronic industry press is very good. It can simulate a virtual environment (two 2600 fuel dispensers and one 1900 switch), and gain practical experience in configuring routers and switches.



3. I finished three sets of boston exercises before the examccna's questions, about more than 600, are mostly concept questions, and they are very familiar with the questions in the actual examination, and have gained a lot.



The most important thing is to recite the ccna study guide published by sybex for seven times, and repeat the title for three times. (it seems that there are more than 500 questions in total.)



Winner 4:



The following books are good reference materials for you to look at:



One is wendell odom, author of cisco ccna exam ﹣ 640-507 certification guide published by cisco press.



The other is ccna cisco certified network associate published by sybex company study guide.



There are also four reference books in china, which are generally available in large computer bookstores:



One is the cisco ccna certification examination (640-507) guide of people's posts and telecommunications press the other three books are ccna of china machine press cisco and ip addressing, cisco ios ip technology guide.



As for routers, i like routersim2.0. I think it's suitable for ccna. SPOTO router test3.38







Five winners:



To sum up, i have the following experience:



I have a good grasp of osi reference model and tcp / ip model; i have used cisco's low-end router; i have some foundation for the operation function of exchange machine;



I have a good command of osi reference model and tcp / ip model before the exam, i read sybex strongly recommended by netizens and did about 50 SPOTO3 questions as a warm-up. I feel that it is necessary to take a look at the review questions at the end of each chapter of sybex, because for the review of ccna, you are not afraid that you are not proficient enough, just afraid that you are not careful enough. After making the review questions, you can check whether you have seen all the key points. In addition, i don't think we should spend too much time on ccna ptc. Of course, it's good to increase our knowledge, but this set of questions is not helpful for the exam - i think the ccna questions are very straightforward and the answers are very clear, and they won't be as confusing as ptc. I suggest you take a look at the ccna 160 questions on cisco and network technology website as a summary learning. I won't repeat the rest. The sixth winner:



Some suggestions:




To be honest, the difficulty of SPOTO's simulation questions is low, but the knowledge points are relatively clear. The test questions will not be as "Naked" As SPOTO's questions, that is, you can know the answers by just looking at the options. In short, the real test questions may combine 2-3 knowledge points of SPOTO's questions into one question, and the answers will be more obscure, if you don't understand that knowledge point or don't read the question carefully, you can't choose the right answer. The real test questions and interference items still have a certain strength. So i hope you can review them carefully and cover a larger area. But you don't have to study some parts too deeply. The test requirements of ccna are only in the primary level test questions well, from
And
The webmaster of chenqingdong has given me great help, the experience of examinees, the download of cheet sheet and the simulator of examination questions! I always feel that in wan, isdn and frame relay have got quite a lot of tests, and they are always popular now. I'm afraid they all have 8 questions - about 9



There is also sybex. After the book, we need to read and do the written labs and hands-on labs carefullyyou. (original words of sybex author)






Winner 7:



Let's talk about the selection of teaching materials first. I read sybex's < ccna study guide second edition >, and i read it twice. Another one will be used in the official textbook published by cisco press, because the description of things in the examination questions comes from the original sentences in the textbook. If you look ahead, you will not feel like reading in the exam. Moreover, i have to say that sybex's guide has incomplete knowledge. For example, i have two isdn protocols (e-series, i-series, q-series) problems, which are not emphasized in the guide. In contrast, the knowledge of the official textbooks is very authoritative, but all of them are too much, and all of them are not tested by ccna. In my opinion, todd rammle in sybex is more vivid and humorous, and i don't feel tired to read it. However, the words and sentences of cisco press are too written, which seems very boring! Fortunately, sybex's < >



Knowledge points are not clear, and there are remedies, so i choose sybex's book to focus on learning, just review the knowledge about wan, the role of osi layers and do simulation problems, and then go to see cisco press's reportofficial teaching materials.



As for the preparation for the exam, we must read the guide before the exam. The time spent varies from person to person and from work to study environment. The experiments at the end of each chapter must not be underestimated, but should be done one by one in the simulation router software. I recommend SPOTO routersim ccna 2, ccna there are all the basic commands involved in the exam. The os interface is very lifelike (once, when i was reviewing with this software in an internship company, my colleagues mistook it for operating the router and asked me which one i modified). After all, even if there are experimental conditions, no one dares to change the configuration of the running device wantonly in order to do the experiment. I think we can do simulation test when we have 70 or 80% preparation. I recommend SPOTO router test 3.09 for simulation test software SPOTO has 12 sets of questions, each of which has 56 or 58 questions. His knowledge points are very comprehensive. In his practice test # 3, there are even some questions very similar to the original one.



When you do it, you should finish it all at once, and live scoring, back button, show#don't choose any of the answers. If you encounter a question that you don't know your mind, you should write down the question number. This kind of question should arouse your attention together with the wrong one. Analyze your problem according to the correct answers and tips. If you still don't understand, go to see what cisco press says there are few places for press textbooks, so it's not necessary to buy one. Just ask someone to borrow the electronic version. Before taking the exam, i'll take a look at sheet200. There are still many original questions on it, which can enhance my confidence.



Winner 8:



You should read all the blueprints provided on cisco's website. You can't take any chances. You should read all the parts about network theory on cisco's document cd, and pay attention to comparison in the process of reading. There are a lot of ios. The most irritating thing is that there are two vlan questions. One is to give several displays to judge which vlan is used, and the other is about fram tagging. I didn't read this part, but only did a few questions. It should be said that the difficulty is higher than the exercise questions. As for the empty questions, it's very easy, which is router rip.



When i was preparing, i read sybex's learning guide and did a lot of questions, keystone, ptc and SPOTO have done, feel ptc problem is too dogmatic, SPOTO is good, but there is still a certain gap with the actual exam, the actual exam questions need to be improvedbe flexible. Routersim is a must, and it is very helpful to memorize commands and patterns.



These tests are not difficult and relatively easy. The most important thing is that you can read the cbt textbook twice, and all the contents are mentioned in it. At the same time, SPOTO's question is good, i recommend it to you. I spent half a month on every exam.



Generally speaking, the examination questions of cisco are relatively flexible. Although some of them are dead things, the proportion is not large. The main way of the examination is to ask you to select the ones that meet the conditions from the dozens of commands listed in it. The important thing is to have a thorough understanding of all kinds of routing protocols, so as to avoid half understanding, otherwise in the actual examination, you will feel that you can't choose, as if you are right about all of them. The content of eigrp and bgp is relatively more in the examination. There is also a point, in the review process must be closely linked to the examination outline, to avoid the wrong direction.



Read more:


http://smartchaser.blog.cat/the-new-ccna-200-301/
https://technode.nethouse.ru/posts/take-cisco-certification-exam
https://hearthis.at/itcoach/certified-in-ccnp/
https://itworld.amebaownd.com/posts/14922051
http://ccna-200-125.idea.informer.com/
http://iot.eklablog.com/the-current-ccnp-r-s-and-the-new-ccnp-enterprise-a207024820
https://www.healthstaffdiscounts.co.uk/biz.aspx?a=112887-Spoto-IT-Certification-Training-Center
https://wefunder.com/spotoclub
https://linktr.ee/spoto
https://trove.nla.gov.au/list/152315
https://peraichi.com/landing_pages/view/today-certify
https://www.techinasia.com/companies/spoto-club
https://wiseintro.co/how-do-i-prepare-my-ccna
https://itworld.vimedbarn.se/
http://www.podcastgarden.com/episode/get-a-free-place-in-cisco-ccna-ccnp_162102
http://cisco.bloggg.pl/master-in-cisco-ccna-networks/

CCNA 200 120 Overview

CCNA single subject test: 200-120 CCNA test is a test related to CCNA routing and switching authentication. Candidates can prepare for this exam by studying two courses: Cisco network device interconnection part 1 (ICND1) version 2.0 and Cisco network device interconnection part 2 (ICND2) version 2.0. This test examines the candidates' knowledge and skills of installation, operation and troubleshooting of a small and medium-sized enterprise branch network. The content includes all the contents of 100-101 ICND1 and 200-101 ICND2.


Examination key points:


The following key points are the outline that may appear in the CCNA single subject examination. However, other relevant points may also appear in an exam. The following syllabus may be changed without prior notice in order to better reflect the examination content and be more transparent.


IP data network operation


Understand the functions of various network devices, such as routers, switches, bridges and hubs.


Learn to select components to meet the requirements of a given network scenario.


Understand the general application software and its impact on the network


Describe the use and basic working mode of protocols in OSI and TCP / IP models.


Forecast the data flow between two hosts in the network.


Identify the appropriate media, cables, ports, and connectors in the LAN to connect Cisco network devices to other network devices or hosts.



LAN Switching Technology


Choose Ethernet technology and media access control mode.


Understand the basic switching concept and Cisco switch operation.


-Conflict domain


- broadcast area


- type of exchange


- cam table


Configure and verify the initial switch configuration, including remote access management.


-Execute the Cisco IOS command of basic switch installation


To verify the network status and use basic applications for switching operations, such as Ping, telnet and SSH.


Describes how VLANs create logically separated networks and the need to route between these logically separated networks.


-Introduce the basic concepts of network segmentation and traffic management


configure and verify VLAN


configure and verify Cisco switch


DTP


automatic negotiation mechanism



IP address management (IPv4 / IPv6)


describe the operation and necessity of using private or public IP address for IPv4 address management.


Identify appropriate IPv6 address framework to meet address management requirements in LAN / WAN environment.


VLSM is used to identify the appropriate IPv4 address management framework and meet the address management requirements in LAN / WAN environment.


Describe the technological requirements for running IPv6 inConnection with IPv4 such as dual stack


describes the technical requirements for running IPv6 with IPv4, such as dual stack protocol.


Describe IPv6 address


- Global unicast


- multicast


- link local


- unique local address


- EUI 64


- automatic configuration



IP routing technology


describe basic routing concepts


- CEF


- packet forwarding


- Routing lookup process


configure and verify the use of CLI to establish basic routing settings


- execute Cisco IOS commands for basic routing installation


configure and verify the running status of Ethernet interface


verify routing configuration and network connectivity


- Master Cisco IOS commands for viewing basic router information and network connectivity


configure and Verify routing configuration for a static or default route given specific routing requirements


configure and verify a static or default route for a given routing requirement.


Distinguish between routing andVarious ways of routing protocol


- static vs dynamic


- connection state vs distance vector


- next hop


- IP routing table


- passive interface


- configuration and verification of OSPF (single area)


- benefits of single area


- configuration of OSPF version 2.0


- configuration of OSPF version 3.0



- Router ID


- passive interface


configure and verify inter route (one armed router)


- sub interface


- upstream router


- encapsulate


configure SVI interface



IP service



configure and verify DHCP (IOS router)


- configure router interface to use DHCP


- DHCP options


- prohibit address assignment


describe the type, characteristics and application of access control list (ACL)


- Standard


serial number


Edit


- extend


- name


- number


- log options


- configure aggregate ACL in network environment


- name


- No.


-Log options


understand the basic operation of network address translation (NAT)


- Usage


- pool


- static


- 1-to-1


- overload


- source address


- one way NAT


configure and verify NAT for given network requirements


configure and verify NTP



Network device security


configure and verify the security features of network devices, such as:


- device password security


- encrypted password vs plaintext password


- transmission


- turn off telnet


- SSH


- vtys


- physical security


- device password


- Describe the external authentication methods


to configure and verify the security characteristics of the switch port, such as


- Sticky secure MAC address


- MAC address restriction


- Static / dynamic


- violation mode


feign death


Close


protection restriction


- close unused port


- port feign death recovery


- Assign unused ports to unused VLANs
0
-Configure intrinsic VLANs to VLANs other than vlan1


configure and verify ACLS to filter network traffic


configure and apply access control lists to restrict telnet and SSH access to routers.




troubleshooting


and correct the general problems related to IP address and host configuration


troubleshooting and solving VLAN problems


- confirm that VLAN is configured


- port is correct


- IP address configuration


troubleshooting and solving the trunking problem on Cisco switch.


-Correct trunk status


- encapsulate correct configuration


- modify allowed VLANs


debug and solve ACL problems


- statistical data


- licensed network


- direction


interface


debug and solve layer 1 problems


- framing


- CRC


- Runts


- giants


- discarded packets


- late collisions


- input / output errors



LAN Switching Technology


understanding advanced switching technology


- RSTP


- pvstp


- Ethernet channel


configure and verify pvstp operation


- describe root bridge selection


- spanning tree mode



IP routing technology


describe Cisco IOS router boot process.


-Post


- router startup process.


Configure and verify serial interface operation status


Manage Cisco IOS files


- boot preference


- Cisco IOS image


- license


display license


change license


different ways to distinguish routing and routing protocol


- manage distance


- Horizontal segmentation


- Measurement


- Next hop


configure and verify OSPF (single area)


- adjacent connection


- OSPF status


- discuss multi area


- configure OSPF V2


- configure OSPF V3


- router ID


- LSA types


configure and verify EIGRP (as number)


next hop- Feasible distance / feasible successor router / management distance


-Feasibility conditions


- Metric combination


- router ID


- Automatic aggregation


- path selection


- load balancing


equal


- passive interface



IP services


- cognitive high availability


- VRRP


- HSRP




- GLBP


configure and verify syslog


- use syslog output


describe SNMP V2 & V3



debug


identify and correct regular network problems


use NetFlow data


debug and solve spanning tree operation problems


- root switch


- priority


- correct mode



- Port status


troubleshooting and routing problem solving


- route on


- correct routing table


- correct path selection


troubleshooting and OSPF problem solving


- adjacent connection


- Hello and dead timer


- OSPF area


- Interface MTU


- network type


- network type
-Adjacency status


- OSPF topology database


troubleshooting and solving EIGRP problems


- adjacency connection


- as number


- load balancing


- Horizontal segmentation


troubleshooting and solving inter routing problems


- connectivity


- encapsulation


- subnet


- Intrinsic VLAN


- port mode relay status


troubleshooting and solving Wan implementation problems


- serial interface


- PPP


- frame relay


monitoring NetFlow data


troubleshooting Ethernet channel problems



WAN technologies


understanding various WAN technologies


- Metro Ethernet


- VSAT


- cellular 3G / 4G


- MPLS


- T1 / E1


- ISDN


- DSL


- frame relay


- Cable


- VPN


configure and verify basic Wan serial connection


configure and verify PPP connection between Cisco routers


Configure and verify the frame relay on Cisco router


implementation and troubleshooting of PPPoE


References:
5 reasons for failing a CCNA exam | Zenodo
ITIL: origin and interests for information system management
Boost your career with CompTIA Security Plus
Practice 70-740 exam | Peatix
Use dumps to pass CCNA certification? - Coub
Key steps to bounce back after failure in 350-401 ENCOR - Mamby
xoen mv - Tips to bounce back after failure in CCNA 200-301 exam

Can I take the CCNP certificate directly

Can I take the CCNP certificate directly? As we all know, Cisco certification is divided into three levels. Some candidates who took the Cisco certificate asked me whether I can take the CCNP directly instead of taking the CCNA. Next, I will analyze whether I can take the CCNP directly.


CCNP certification overview

In fact, CCNP (Cisco Certified Network Professional) - Cisco Certified Network senior engineer. Routing and switching authentication helps identify network engineers' ability to design, implement, validate, troubleshoot and collaborate with other network experts on advanced network security, voice, wireless and video solutions for local area networks and wide area networks. For those who have at least one year working experience in network, and are ready to improve the skills and independent working ability of complex network solutions, CCNP routing and switching authentication is very suitable.


Candidates who have obtained CCNP routing and switching certification prove that they have the necessary skills for enterprise positions such as network engineer, network support engineer, system engineer or network technician. The knowledge of routing and switching protocols in this authentication will provide you with a persistent knowledge base suitable for today's physical networks and future virtualized networks.


[Cisco certification system is divided into the following certification levels from low to high]
CCNA (Cisco network technology assistant engineer certification) → CCNP (Cisco network senior engineer certification) → CCIE (Cisco Internet expert certification).


Due to CCNAAs a basic level of certification, gold content will be relatively low, so many candidates will want to directly test CCNP. At present, however, Cisco stipulates that it must pass the CCNA exam before taking the CCNP exam (and the CCNA certificate cannot be expired). So candidates can not directly test CCNP, candidates need to first pass the CCNA and then CCNP test.


If you want to get the CCNP, you need to apply for the CCNA certification examination first, and then take the CCNP examination within three years after passing the CCNA. Why three years? Because the validity period of CCNA is three years. If more than three years, you need to carry out the re certification of CCNA, that is, take another CCNA certification, and then take the CCNP examination.


As for re certification, no matter which level of certificate is valid, CCNP certification is valid for three years. In case of re certification, you must pass any one of the three subjects in the CCNP grade examination within the validity period of the certificate, or pass the existing CCIE written examination.


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